ABSTRACT
Premature birth is unpredictable and can result from social, economic and/or health-related factors for women and newborns. This study aimed to analyze the sociodemographic profile of parents of premature newborns admitted to a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Furthermore, it is a descriptive, exploratory, and quantitative study, carried out from March to August 2019 in an NICU. Demographic, socioeconomic, and data related to the newborn and the pregnancy process were collected with a questionnaire containing closed and open questions, which were analyzed and compared with related studies. 31 mothers and 19 fathers participated. Most of them were young and completed high school. Almost all fathers had paying jobs, while only half of mothers worked, and not all of them contributed to social security (INSS). Fathers received 30% more than mothers, even with similar functions and working hours. 47% of the families lived with an income of up to 2 minimum wages per month. Half of the pregnancies were unplanned. Births with gestational ages (GA) ≥ 32 weeks predominated. On average, the mothers had more than 8 prenatal consultations and displayed hypertension as the most prevalent maternal risk factor. Knowing the families of newborns can support measures to promote maternal and child health.
ABSTRACT
A posição canguru é uma estratégia do Método Canguru que aproxima as mães de seus filhos, promovendo estabilidade fisiológica. OBJETIVO: Analisar a estabilidade fisiológica e equilíbrio sono-vigília dos RNPTs de uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTIN) em um hospital público universitário, bem como a percepção materna quanto a posição canguru. MÉTODO: Estudo observacional com análise de resultados qualitativos e quantitativos. Desenvolveu-se entre julho a dezembro de 2017 na UTIN. Os dados foram coletados dos prontuários dos RNs. Os parâmetros fisiológicos e estado comportamental de escala sono vigília, antes e após 50 minutos na posição canguru. E as mães responderam à 10 perguntas abertas quanto a seus sentimentos no contato pele a pele. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 18 recém-nascidos e 10 mães responderam a entrevista. Os RNs mantiveram a frequência cardíaca (p=0,28) e saturação periférica de oxigênio (p=0,77) nos limites da normalidade, a temperatura corporal apresentou diferença estatisticamente significante (p=0,01) variando entre 36,5 e 36,7o. Os RNs mudaram o estado comportamental e as mães perceberam estas mudanças durante a realização da posição canguru e se sentiram mais próximas dele por meio do contato pele a pele. CONCLUSÃO: Os recém-nascidos posicionados em canguru no tórax de suas mães mantiveram seus dados fisiológicos estáveis e a temperatura corporal dos mesmos apresentou pequeno acréscimo dentro da normalidade, mostrando ser seguro estar na posição canguru. As mães perceberam que tal ato as aproximou de seus filhos despertando sentimentos positivos de alegria, emoção e amor, indo ao encontro do que é preconizado pelo Método Canguru.
The kangaroo position is a strategy of the Kangaroo Method that brings mothers closer to their children, promoting physiological stability. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the physiological stability and sleep-wake balance of premature newborn from a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) in a public university hospital, as well as the maternal perception of the kangaroo position. METHOD: Observational study with analysis of qualitative and quantitative results. It developed between July and December 2017 at the NICU. Data were collected from the newborns' medical records. The physiological parameters and behavioral state of sleep wake scale, before and after 50 minutes in the kangaroo position. And the mothers answered 10 open questions about their feelings about skinto-skin contact. RESULTS: 18 newborns were included and 10 mothers answered the interview. Prelatures maintained their heart rate (p =0.28) and peripheral oxygen saturation (p = 0.77) within normal limits, body temperature showed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.01) ranging between 36.5 and 36.7o. Newborns changed their behavioral state and mothers noticed these changes during the performance of the kangaroo position and felt closer to them through skin-to-skin contact. CONCLUSION: Newborns positioned in a kangaroo on their mothers' thorax kept their physiological data stable and their body temperature showed a small increase within normal limits, showing that it is safe to be in the kangaroo position. The mothers realized that such an act brought them closer to their children, arousing positive feelings of joy, emotion and love, in line with what is recommended by the Kangaroo Method.